浅谈足球比赛精神之九：违背“道德伦理”让足球运动陷入危机

最近，一家调查机构对英国体育粉丝的调查统计显示，三分之一的受访者认为足球在十年后将失去世界最流行运动的统治地位。这是危言耸听吗？难道我们的运动不再美丽？我们需扪心自问，从金字塔尖开始。

'Football will not be dominated sports in 10 years', claimed by 1/3 British fans surveyed recently by Canas8. Is this a cry wolf or not? Are our games no longer beautiful? Maybe it is a time for us to start searching our heart and examining our game, starting from its elite top first. 

截至2019年，六届国际足联最佳球员得主、全世界足球迷的偶像-里奥·梅西（Lionel Messi）已经三次因税务问题被西班牙法庭定罪，最后以缴纳罚款的形式代替牢狱之灾。此外，我们也时不时听到职业足球运动员的嫖妓、儿童性侵、家庭暴力、酒驾等丑闻。

6 times of FIFA best player winner and beloved world widely– Lionel Messi scored a hat trick off the field already of tax fraud, narrowly escaping serving at the prison after paying fine. He is not alone. Paying for sex, sexual abuse of kids, domestic violence, and drunk driving among pro players atop news from time to time. 

在这其中，南美球员有很多类似“臭名昭著”的故事，比如1986年世界杯冠军队长马拉多纳对英格兰比赛中的“上帝之手”；巴西球星内马尔的前辈-里瓦尔多在2002韩日世界杯上的“佯装”；乌拉圭球星苏亚雷斯在2014巴西世界杯上的“咬人事件”等等。

Some of South Americans are infamous, from Argentina Maradona at FWC1986, Brazil’s Neymar at FWC2018 and his idol Rivaldo at FWC2002) to Uruguay’s Suarez at FWC2014, under the name of God or patriotism, or others. 

其实欧洲足球赛场也不例外。2006德国世界杯决赛中，意大利后卫马特拉齐对姐姐的侮辱让全世界道德楷模齐达内出离愤怒，而其代价就是丢掉了世界杯冠军。齐达内当时的队友、一向谦虚谨慎的亨利同志，却学了教训，在2010南非世界杯预选赛对爱尔兰的比赛中，用手攻入一球，将爱尔兰踢出南非世界杯决赛圈。

That spirit of gamesmanship also leaves dirty marks at the Old continent. One of the finest soccer gentlemen Zizou was outraged by Italian Marco Materazzi' private’ insult at his sister, costing France’s FWC2006 trophy. His humble teammate Thierry Herry learned a lesson from that and victimized Ireland at FWC2010 qualifiers. 

亨利在赛后（而不是在比赛中）坦率承认手球，但辩解“我不是裁判员。”职业和顶级足球界的不成文规矩：不被裁判员抓住的犯规，就不是犯规。

Thierry 'honestly' admitted his handball after the match (not during the match) but claimed 'I am not a referee.' His thought represents anunwritten but universal rule at elite football – cheating is not a crime unless being caught. 

不仅如此，球员、教练员和俱乐部还在球场内外对裁判员施加各种压力，避免其对自己做出不利的判罚。当今世界最佳教练之一穆里尼奥就是这样一个大师。

Worse, players as well as coaches continuously play mind games on and off the field to try to pressure match officials not making unflavored decisions against them. One of the best managers in the world, Portugal’sJose Mourinho is a master at this. 

哪怕是球队的第12人，他们也会用尽一切办法在场上谩骂对手、对方球迷和裁判员，在场下（如利用网络暴力和社交媒体）来获利。

Not only teams but also the 12th men and women do play dirty games. They smeared at their opponents and match officials at all means to try to gain advantages. 

最近发生的一个极端例子：在一场比利时甲级联赛中，标准列日主场迎战死敌安德莱赫特，主队球迷将转会到死敌的队长、2014巴西世界杯比利时国脚史蒂文·德福尔斩首示众的大幅TIFO打在看台上。德福尔显然被激怒了，他在下半场有意将球踢向主队球迷，被裁判员红牌罚出场。

One terrible case involves Belgium’s Standard Liege fans displaying a beheaded portrait of their former captain and Belgium Int' l at FWC2014 Steven Defour when he backed home representing the club's rivalry Anderlecht. He was obviously infuriated and sent off after kicking a ball into spectators at 2nd half of the game.

本来是给君子或绅士从事的足球运动，被迫不断修改规则，来防小人，包括佯装和对裁判员鼓倒掌，在2019-2020版本的《足球比赛规则》中均被视为违规行为。赛场还为裁判员装上第3只眼VAR（视频助理）来帮助识别各种球员的诡计。

The Laws of the Game has been forced to tackle the disease via keeping changing to outlaw those 'new' unethical behaviors, from simulation to sarcastically clapping at match officials in its 2019-20 version, as well as using VAR as the 3rd eye for referees. 

也有个别例外。您可能注意到拉丁民族的特点：Anglo-Saxon人好像更“傻”一点；美国文化的其中一个核心本质是，对每件事的公平，日不落帝国的维多利亚精神还依然存在；其近邻德国人也不怎么玩花样。世界杯冠军成员克洛泽2002年在意甲踢球时，还主动向裁判员承认了一个手球，帮助裁判员将一个判给本队的点球改判。

Few are alien to the normal. You may have noticed that cheating by Anglo-Saxon, including Germans are less common. Some argue American nature is to try to make everything fair, and English's Victorian spirit keeps their heads still little up. Does culture play a significant role in that difference? 

诚实文化和足球道德之间有关系吗？作者挑选了2017年国际足联国家排名前20名左右的队伍和欧盟2017年对世界各国诚信的排名，下图： 

Football Guardians FC has done research to prove or disapprove that hypothesis by studying the top 20 FIFA ranking countries in 2017 against their worldwide country integrity marks in 2017 ranked by EU.

作者发现一个大概率事件：越不诚信的国家，国际足球排名越高，历届世界杯成绩越好（德国可能是例外）。比如世界各国诚信排名：巴西世界第73名、阿根廷第54、克罗地亚35、意大利26、西班牙22、法国17、德国11、英国8、荷兰4。

The result demonstrates a trend as illustrated by the above diagram: the less integrity off the field, the better results on the field with a couple of exceptions.  

也就是说，诚实守信可能进不了世界杯，或者无法夺得世界杯冠军。如果不道德已经成为职业和顶级足球的常态或成功的规律，您还不认为我们美丽的运动有重大危机吗？

So the prices of being honest maybe a loser or not winning world cups, eg. England and the US. When unfair play is a normal or must-be at elite levels, do you believe our sports are in crisis? 

From: FT Guardians FC

图片来源于网络。